Mistakes that can hurt your credit score.
A good credit score is the foundation
of a healthy financial life. Without a good credit score, you’ll pay
more to borrow money, get locked out of the best offers and even struggle to
rent an apartment or get a job. Unfortunately, one colossal mistake can
ruin years of careful credit-building for even those with the highest scores. A
former national bank cautions anyone who cares about their financial well-being
to avoid the one massive misstep that can instantly tank your score
by 100 points or more.
No Matter What Else You Do, Never Miss a Payment
By the time any of the three credit
bureaus — Equifax, Experian and TransUnion– find out that
you’ve fallen behind on loan payments, you’re already a month late.
That’s because creditors must wait at least 30 days to report missed
payments to protect consumers from severe consequences for something as benign
as forgetting a due date or mixing up their calendar days. Creditors can
impose late fees or penalty interest rates as soon as you miss a payment, but a
full billing cycle will pass before you review your credit report and see
where the real trouble starts. Many things can affect your credit score, no
matter what type of credit card accounts you have, but this is a big one. A single missed payment can lead to
immediate adverse consequences. Those consequences can include a hit to
your credit score of 100 up to 180 points or more. The lower your score, the
fewer points a late payment will cost you — but everyone faces a credit
catastrophe when they blow a deadline by 30 days or more.
It’s likely that a On-time payments can make up 35%
of your credit score. No other category weighs heavier on your score or
can have a more significant impact on your credit health. For context, the next
biggest section is amounts owed, which make up 30%.
Other Paths to Triple-Digit Doom
Missing a payment by 30 days is the
only “mistake” that can cost you 100 points or more. There are
mistakes that also can hurt your credit score’, but they’re not
one-off missteps. They’re the culmination of long periods of financial
trauma that are often beyond the control of the people whose scores they
crush. Outside of giving access to the wrong authorized user or
straight-up identity theft, here are three paths you should avoid so you
don’t hurt your credit.
Filing for Bankruptcy
Few things are worse for your credit
than filing for bankruptcy, the consequences of which are even worse than being
30 days late with a payment. You can probably expect your credit score to
drop anywhere between 100 to over 200 points, depending on where your score
started. Here are some key takeaways:
·
According to Debt.org, high scores of
780 and up can fall by up to 240 points.
·
Filing for bankruptcy will remain on
your credit score for seven to 10 years.
·
By contrast, a missed payment lingers
for seven years at most.
Defaulting on a Loan
Defaulting on a mortgage, auto loan,
personal loan, student loan or other debt typically occurs after 90 days
without payment, although it can be longer for some kinds of loans.
If you default on a loan, the lender typically
reports the delinquency to credit bureaus, which results in a large
negative impact on your credit score.
By this time, however, there usually isn’t much farther to fall
since your score has already absorbed massive damage from the devastating 30-day
and 60-day late marks. This can
·
make it difficult to qualify for new
credit
·
lead to higher interest rates when
you do get approved
·
potentially result in collection
efforts, including legal action by the lender
·
also result in the loss of the asset
collateral securing the loan, such as your home or car, depending on the
type of loan.
Having an Account Go to Collections
Like bankruptcy and default, the
third and final way your score can take a triple-digit hit usually indicates
serious and long-term underlying financial dysfunction — having a new
collection account hit your credit report.
When an account goes to collections,
it is reported to credit bureaus and appears as a derogatory entry on your
credit report. This can significantly lower your credit score and remain
on your report for up to 7 years, even if you pay off the collection
account. For lenders, accounts in collections indicate that you have a history
of not repaying debts as agreed, which suggests a higher likelihood that you
may not repay new debts.